The Frederick Douglass Papers / Connections
A correspondent in the letters index

Russell L. Carpenter

Letters sent or received, and mentions in the folders containing them.

27 letters, sent or received · 40 places · 4 correspondents

Places mentioned in the same folders

These folders contain this correspondent's letters and a mention of the indexed term. This does not mean the correspondent's own letter mentions it.

Order is “distinctive first” above the reviewed floor of 5 records, then by count. 31 of 40 places meet the reviewed floor.

40 places

PlaceFoldersYears
Coneygar Villa81879–1891
Bridport231868–1891
Bristol121868–1891
New Haven61888–1891
Rome71873–1889
Manchester81873–1888
Santo Domingo61876–1891
Brooklyn101876–1891
Show all 40 placesShow fewer places
PlaceFoldersYears
Glasgow51887–1891
Indianapolis51868–1891
London181873–1891
Dublin61877–1889
Syracuse61876–1891
Liverpool71879–1889
Paris121873–1891
Cleveland101868–1891
Providence111873–1891
Denver71868–1891
Detroit61873–1891
Haiti91877–1891
Newcastle61873–1891
Baltimore111868–1891
Anacostia131887–1891
Port-au-Prince81888–1891
Washington231868–1891
New York211868–1891
Boston181868–1891
Rochester151868–1891
Philadelphia151868–1891
Cedar Hill121887–1891
Chicago131868–1891
Edinburgh41887–1891
Hartford41882–1891
Lynn41888–1889
Worcester41868–1880
New Bedford31889–1891
Belfast21887
Bournemouth Hampshire21868–1873
Hoboken21876–1879
Peterboro21873

Corresponded with

Letters between these two correspondents, counted only when both sender and recipient were read from the letter itself. This does not imply agreement or affinity.

Shared letters divided by the smaller of the two correspondents' totals of letters sent and received. 1 of 4 correspondents meet the floor of 5 letters. Those rows are ordered by overlap, then count, then name; rows below the floor follow by count, then name.

4 correspondents

PersonLetters betweenYears
Douglass (surname only, unresolved) 171868–1891
Frederick Douglass 41868–1888
Dear Miss Impey as printed11887
Mrs. Douglass (undated, unresolved) 1
About this index

Dataset and reviewed rules

Tier 1: derived from the published letters index, the reviewed correspondent groups and the reviewed place list by the rules below — no inference, no model. Post-fold (sitting 2026-09-05): 169 reviewed correspondent groups; 2090 printed forms remain groups of one below the review floor, disclosed. Corpus version 5db27b8755bd; 170 records. Weighting constants: PROVISIONAL — the EC sitting's constants (2026-08-30) reused pending the Douglass correspondence sitting; changed only by a sitting. raw count everywhere — the count is the fact; ordering is presentation.

Identities: 172 of the 2,262 names in this layer are reviewed groupings. A name marked “as printed” is a form no ruling has reached — it may be one person, several, or part of another identity; an unmarked name is a reviewed identity.

Names and terms in the same records

Rule: vocabulary term (aliases OR-folded) × correspondent, FOLDER-level co-occurrence: the term's whole-word hit on a folder text × the person's letters in that folder — never letter-level (letter boundaries are not delimited beyond the anchors)

Order: distinctive first (lift)records * N / (deg_term * deg_person); N = total fts records; degrees = graph_term_records / graph_person_records counts; support floor 5.

On this page: Order is “distinctive first” above the reviewed floor of 5 records, then by count.

SELECT t.slug FROM graph_term_records t JOIN graph_person_records p ON p.slug = t.slug WHERE t.term = :term AND p.person = :person ORDER BY t.slug

Corresponded with

Rule: letters carrying both parties (the boundary sentence), grouped by the unordered pair of correspondent groups; see the builder A correspondence is counted only where both a sender and a recipient were read from the letter itself; letters with one party read are in no edge.

Correspondence weighting: Shared letters divided by the smaller of the two correspondents' totals of letters sent and received. Support floor 5. provisional; the EC alongside floor reused as the correspondence floor.

SELECT id FROM letters WHERE (sender_group = :person_a AND recipient_group = :person_b) OR (sender_group = :person_b AND recipient_group = :person_a) ORDER BY year, id

How these results are ranked

Distinctiveness (lift) compares how often a term and a name share records with the frequency expected from their separate record totals. It is not evidence of personal interest or influence.

PlaceDistinctiveness
Coneygar Villa3.7×
Bridport3.4×
Bristol2.5×
New Haven2.0×
Rome1.9×
Manchester1.7×
Santo Domingo1.6×
Brooklyn1.5×
Glasgow1.5×
Indianapolis1.5×
London1.5×
Dublin1.5×
Syracuse1.5×
Liverpool1.5×
Paris1.5×
Cleveland1.4×
Providence1.4×
Denver1.3×
Detroit1.2×
Haiti1.1×
Newcastle1.1×
Baltimore1.1×
Anacostia1.1×
Port-au-Prince1.1×
Washington1.0×
New York1.0×
Boston1.0×
Rochester1.0×
Philadelphia1.0×
Cedar Hill1.0×
Chicago0.9×
Edinburgh1.2×
Hartford1.2×
Lynn1.1×
Worcester1.2×
New Bedford0.8×
Belfast1.2×
Bournemouth Hampshire2.5×
Hoboken1.1×
Peterboro1.1×

Corresponded with: ranking and measures

Shared letters divided by the smaller of the two correspondents' totals of letters sent and received. This is the overlap coefficient, shown as a percentage.

PersonOf the smaller correspondence
Douglass (surname only, unresolved)63%
Frederick Douglass15%
Dear Miss Impey100%
Mrs. Douglass (undated, unresolved)25%