The Frederick Douglass Papers / Connections
A correspondent in the letters index

Julia G. Crofts

Letters sent or received, and mentions in the folders containing them.

54 letters, sent or received · 42 places · 7 correspondents

Places mentioned in the same folders

These folders contain this correspondent's letters and a mention of the indexed term. This does not mean the correspondent's own letter mentions it.

Order is “distinctive first” above the reviewed floor of 5 records, then by count. 36 of 42 places meet the reviewed floor.

42 places

PlaceFoldersYears
Belfast71866–1887
Peterboro71862–1894
Glasgow111862–1892
Syracuse131862–1894
Bristol141862–1892
Bridport191864–1894
Manchester131862–1892
Hoboken51876–1885
Show all 42 placesShow fewer places
PlaceFoldersYears
Dublin101862–1889
Rome91866–1889
Newcastle131862–1893
Liverpool111862–1889
London241862–1894
Providence151864–1891
Edinburgh61862–1891
Brooklyn111875–1894
New Haven51875–1892
Cleveland121865–1892
Rochester231862–1891
New Bedford61862–1893
Paris131862–1893
Indianapolis51877–1892
Boston261862–1894
Hartford51864–1892
Worcester51864–1885
Philadelphia211862–1894
Chicago201862–1894
New York271862–1894
Washington271862–1894
Detroit61876–1889
Port-au-Prince91862–1894
Baltimore111862–1893
Denver61866–1889
Haiti81877–1894
Anacostia121885–1894
Cedar Hill121885–1894
Coneygar Villa41881–1889
Lynn41863–1889
Santo Domingo41876–1891
Bournemouth Hampshire21864–1865
Cappahosic11894
Edgewood11885

Corresponded with

Letters between these two correspondents, counted only when both sender and recipient were read from the letter itself. This does not imply agreement or affinity.

Shared letters divided by the smaller of the two correspondents' totals of letters sent and received. 0 of 7 correspondents meet the floor of 5 letters. Those rows are ordered by overlap, then count, then name; rows below the floor follow by count, then name.

7 correspondents

PersonLetters betweenYears
Frederick as printed31863
Dear Friend 11887
Fedk as printed1
Fredk as printed11885
friend Frederick 11866
My dear Friend 11862
My dear friend Frederick 11864
About this index

Dataset and reviewed rules

Tier 1: derived from the published letters index, the reviewed correspondent groups and the reviewed place list by the rules below — no inference, no model. Post-fold (sitting 2026-09-05): 169 reviewed correspondent groups; 2090 printed forms remain groups of one below the review floor, disclosed. Corpus version 5db27b8755bd; 170 records. Weighting constants: PROVISIONAL — the EC sitting's constants (2026-08-30) reused pending the Douglass correspondence sitting; changed only by a sitting. raw count everywhere — the count is the fact; ordering is presentation.

Identities: 172 of the 2,262 names in this layer are reviewed groupings. A name marked “as printed” is a form no ruling has reached — it may be one person, several, or part of another identity; an unmarked name is a reviewed identity.

Names and terms in the same records

Rule: vocabulary term (aliases OR-folded) × correspondent, FOLDER-level co-occurrence: the term's whole-word hit on a folder text × the person's letters in that folder — never letter-level (letter boundaries are not delimited beyond the anchors)

Order: distinctive first (lift)records * N / (deg_term * deg_person); N = total fts records; degrees = graph_term_records / graph_person_records counts; support floor 5.

On this page: Order is “distinctive first” above the reviewed floor of 5 records, then by count.

SELECT t.slug FROM graph_term_records t JOIN graph_person_records p ON p.slug = t.slug WHERE t.term = :term AND p.person = :person ORDER BY t.slug

Corresponded with

Rule: letters carrying both parties (the boundary sentence), grouped by the unordered pair of correspondent groups; see the builder A correspondence is counted only where both a sender and a recipient were read from the letter itself; letters with one party read are in no edge.

Correspondence weighting: Shared letters divided by the smaller of the two correspondents' totals of letters sent and received. Support floor 5. provisional; the EC alongside floor reused as the correspondence floor.

SELECT id FROM letters WHERE (sender_group = :person_a AND recipient_group = :person_b) OR (sender_group = :person_b AND recipient_group = :person_a) ORDER BY year, id

How these results are ranked

Distinctiveness (lift) compares how often a term and a name share records with the frequency expected from their separate record totals. It is not evidence of personal interest or influence.

PlaceDistinctiveness
Belfast3.7×
Peterboro3.4×
Glasgow2.9×
Syracuse2.8×
Bristol2.4×
Bridport2.4×
Manchester2.3×
Hoboken2.2×
Dublin2.2×
Rome2.1×
Newcastle2.0×
Liverpool2.0×
London1.7×
Providence1.6×
Edinburgh1.6×
Brooklyn1.4×
New Haven1.4×
Cleveland1.4×
Rochester1.4×
New Bedford1.3×
Paris1.3×
Indianapolis1.3×
Boston1.3×
Hartford1.3×
Worcester1.3×
Philadelphia1.2×
Chicago1.2×
New York1.1×
Washington1.0×
Detroit1.0×
Port-au-Prince1.0×
Baltimore0.9×
Denver0.9×
Haiti0.9×
Anacostia0.9×
Cedar Hill0.9×
Coneygar Villa1.6×
Lynn1.0×
Santo Domingo0.9×
Bournemouth Hampshire2.1×
Cappahosic0.6×
Edgewood2.1×

Corresponded with: ranking and measures

Shared letters divided by the smaller of the two correspondents' totals of letters sent and received. This is the overlap coefficient, shown as a percentage.

PersonOf the smaller correspondence
Frederick14%
Dear Friend14%
Fedk100%
Fredk50%
friend Frederick50%
My dear Friend3%
My dear friend Frederick50%