The Frederick Douglass Papers / Connections
A correspondent in the letters index

Ida B. Wells

Letters sent or received, and mentions in the folders containing them.

9 letters, sent or received · 33 places · 2 correspondents

Places mentioned in the same folders

These folders contain this correspondent's letters and a mention of the indexed term. This does not mean the correspondent's own letter mentions it.

Order is “distinctive first” above the reviewed floor of 5 records, then by count. 14 of 33 places meet the reviewed floor.

33 places

PlaceFoldersYears
Liverpool61892–1894
Manchester51892–1894
Haiti71892–1894
Brooklyn51893–1894
Anacostia91892–1894
Cedar Hill91892–1894
Baltimore71892–1894
Cleveland51893–1894
Show all 33 placesShow fewer places
PlaceFoldersYears
Chicago91892–1894
Philadelphia91892–1894
London71892–1894
New York91892–1894
Washington91892–1894
Boston71892–1894
Denver41893–1894
Newcastle41892–1894
Port-au-Prince41893–1894
Providence41892–1894
Rochester41892–1894
Bridport31894
Cappahosic31894
Detroit31894
Worcester31894
Bristol21894
Edinburgh21892–1894
Indianapolis21894
New Bedford21893–1894
Paris21893–1894
Rome21893–1894
Cairo11894
Hartford11892
Lynn11893
Syracuse11893

Corresponded with

Letters between these two correspondents, counted only when both sender and recipient were read from the letter itself. This does not imply agreement or affinity.

Shared letters divided by the smaller of the two correspondents' totals of letters sent and received. 1 of 2 correspondents meet the floor of 5 letters. Those rows are ordered by overlap, then count, then name; rows below the floor follow by count, then name.

2 correspondents

PersonLetters betweenYears
Douglass (surname only, unresolved) 61892–1894
Helen Pitts Douglass 11894
About this index

Dataset and reviewed rules

Tier 1: derived from the published letters index, the reviewed correspondent groups and the reviewed place list by the rules below — no inference, no model. Post-fold (sitting 2026-09-05): 169 reviewed correspondent groups; 2090 printed forms remain groups of one below the review floor, disclosed. Corpus version 5db27b8755bd; 170 records. Weighting constants: PROVISIONAL — the EC sitting's constants (2026-08-30) reused pending the Douglass correspondence sitting; changed only by a sitting. raw count everywhere — the count is the fact; ordering is presentation.

Identities: 172 of the 2,262 names in this layer are reviewed groupings. A name marked “as printed” is a form no ruling has reached — it may be one person, several, or part of another identity; an unmarked name is a reviewed identity.

Names and terms in the same records

Rule: vocabulary term (aliases OR-folded) × correspondent, FOLDER-level co-occurrence: the term's whole-word hit on a folder text × the person's letters in that folder — never letter-level (letter boundaries are not delimited beyond the anchors)

Order: distinctive first (lift)records * N / (deg_term * deg_person); N = total fts records; degrees = graph_term_records / graph_person_records counts; support floor 5.

On this page: Order is “distinctive first” above the reviewed floor of 5 records, then by count.

SELECT t.slug FROM graph_term_records t JOIN graph_person_records p ON p.slug = t.slug WHERE t.term = :term AND p.person = :person ORDER BY t.slug

Corresponded with

Rule: letters carrying both parties (the boundary sentence), grouped by the unordered pair of correspondent groups; see the builder A correspondence is counted only where both a sender and a recipient were read from the letter itself; letters with one party read are in no edge.

Correspondence weighting: Shared letters divided by the smaller of the two correspondents' totals of letters sent and received. Support floor 5. provisional; the EC alongside floor reused as the correspondence floor.

SELECT id FROM letters WHERE (sender_group = :person_a AND recipient_group = :person_b) OR (sender_group = :person_b AND recipient_group = :person_a) ORDER BY year, id

How these results are ranked

Distinctiveness (lift) compares how often a term and a name share records with the frequency expected from their separate record totals. It is not evidence of personal interest or influence.

PlaceDistinctiveness
Liverpool3.3×
Manchester2.7×
Haiti2.3×
Brooklyn2.0×
Anacostia1.9×
Cedar Hill1.9×
Baltimore1.8×
Cleveland1.8×
Chicago1.6×
Philadelphia1.6×
London1.5×
New York1.1×
Washington1.0×
Boston1.0×
Denver1.8×
Newcastle1.9×
Port-au-Prince1.4×
Providence1.3×
Rochester0.7×
Bridport1.1×
Cappahosic5.7×
Detroit1.6×
Worcester2.3×
Bristol1.0×
Edinburgh1.6×
Indianapolis1.6×
New Bedford1.3×
Paris0.6×
Rome1.4×
Cairo2.4×
Hartford0.8×
Lynn0.7×
Syracuse0.7×

Corresponded with: ranking and measures

Shared letters divided by the smaller of the two correspondents' totals of letters sent and received. This is the overlap coefficient, shown as a percentage.

PersonOf the smaller correspondence
Douglass (surname only, unresolved)67%
Helen Pitts Douglass11%